能动检察视野下的检调对接刍议/粘国魁

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-05-03 08:27:18   浏览:9963   来源:法律资料网
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一、检调对接产生的时代背景
当前,我国正处于经济高速发展时期,又处于矛盾多发期、上升期,各种矛盾纠纷日益增多,许多历史遗留的问题以及伴随经济体制改革而出现的各种矛盾凸显,矛盾原因越来越复杂,化解难度越来越大,已经成为影响社会稳定的重要因素。大量的社会矛盾进入司法程序,由于这些案件常常伴有群体性、敏感性、利益重大、关键证据缺失等特点,因而表现为举证难、调解难、执行难,上诉率高,当事人对抗激烈。司法实践告诫我们,诉讼并不万能,化解矛盾纠纷单凭法院裁判远远不够,需要整合调解资源,建立多元化的社会矛盾大调解格局,最高人民检察院发文要求:各级人民检察院要将执法办案与深入化解矛盾相结合,逐步建立检察机关与人民调解组织密切配合、各司其职、共同促进和解息诉,矛盾有效化解的“检调对接”工作机制。并依托该机制,最大限度地维护群众合法权益,最大限度地化解社会矛盾,最大限度地促进和谐稳定。
检察机关作为国家法律监督机关,肩负着维护社会公平正义,捍卫司法公正的崇高使命,国家从法律上规定了检察机关具有广泛的监督权限,在构建社会主义和谐社会的征程上,任重而道远。同时,中央综治委、高法、高检等16家单位联合制定了《关于深入推进矛盾纠纷调解工作的指导意见》明确规定:人民检察院依法履行法律监督职能,建立依托大调解工作平台与化解社会矛盾纠纷的工作机制。同时,对民事申诉等案件,坚持抗诉与息诉并重,规范引导和解程序和要求,在遵循事实和法律的基础上,对当事人双方有和解意愿,符合条件的,积极引导和促使当事人达成和解。①检调对接正是产生于这样的大背景下,笔者认为,检调对接是指检察机关在履行法律监督职能的同时,积极开展涉检和解工作,和解方式根据情况检察机关可以在控告申诉、轻微刑事案件所涉民事赔偿部分及民事行政申诉案件受理、侦监、起诉等环节单独实施,也可以结合人民调解组织一同进行和解。
二、检调对接的理论及现实依据
从理论上来讲,引入“检调对接”是检察机关顺应新形势拓展和充实法律监督职能、构建法治社会的需要,是执法为民的内在需求,其存在的内在合理依据。
检调对接以中国传统文化为基础,符合中国国情。传统的中国文化,讲天人合一,讲"中庸",讲"和为贵"。传统的儒家思想更是把"仁、义、礼、智、信"作为个体生命的安身立命之本。冤家宜解不宜结",有了纷争,不是动辄搞"一元钱诉讼",打"一分钱官司",而是习惯于找中间人或德高望重的长者调处说和。中华民族的这种特性决定了检调对接的法文化基础,在法治日趋完善的今天,"检调对接"让当事人进行平等交流沟通,化解矛盾,修复已被破坏了的社会关系,从而建立一种和谐的社会关系。因此,实行检调对接从传统文化中汲取其合理内核而赋予新的时代意义,符合中国的国情。
“检调对接”是以人为本理念的必然选择,体现了公正价值。检察机关履行法律监督职责要坚持以人为本,以满足人民群众的需求为出发点和落脚点。“检调对接”就是要更加重视对当事人权利的尊重和保障,在大调解机制中发挥检察职能作用,为纠纷各方构建一个合作、协调的纠纷解决平台,维护当事人的合法利益,确保公平正义。
“检调对接”是构建和谐社会的必然选择。当今社会处于转型时期,社会矛盾凸显,社会关系的样式及作用方式趋于多样化,导致了利益纠纷的多元化,这就要求纠纷解决机制多元化。“检调对接”机制强调当事各方的平等合作地位与自由意志表达,表明国家权力对公民个体权力的尊重与妥协。这种纠纷解决机制为当事人解决自身矛盾纠纷提供一个全新的救济途径,赋予当事人更广泛的程序选择权,从法律上保护当事人对程序或实体权益的自主处分,有利于及时、妥善解决各种社会矛盾,满足纠纷当事人的不同要求,快速推进社会矛盾化解。
从现实角度来讲,检调对接能够最大限度的拓展检察机关法律监督的范围,更全面的化解社会矛盾,定纷止争。
检调对接以"宽严相济"的刑事政策以及有关民事、行政法律法规为指导。 "宽严相济"的刑事政策,其实质是对刑事犯罪区别对待,做到既有力打击犯罪,又尽可能减少社会对抗,化消极因素为积极因素,实现法律效果和社会效果的统一。检调对接就是检察机关对"宽严相济"的刑事政策的最好诠释,它以"宽严相济"的刑事政策为导向,一方面毫不动摇地坚持"严打"方针,集中力量依法严厉打击严重刑事犯罪。另一方面坚持区别对待,对那些情节轻微、主观恶性不大的犯罪分子,根据其犯罪情节和悔罪表现,给予从轻处理。从而有效化解社会矛盾,促进社会和谐。
“检调对接”能够充分合理的利用检察权,实现有限检察资源的最优化配置。“一般而言,诉讼有很强的程序性和规范性,较为复杂、繁琐,解决纠纷的成本也更高。“检调对接”有机地将诉讼调解和社会调解相融合,简化程序甚至分流到非诉讼程序,使纠纷当事人进入直接对话状态,在切实保障当事人合法权益的同时快速解决纷争。我国目前基层检察院普遍存在案多人少的矛盾,检调对接可节省有限的司法资源,提高司法机关的执法效率,同时可避免当事人“累诉”问题。检察机关作为国家法律监督机关,在履行法律监督职责过程中引入“检调对接”就是要提高运用司法手段化解社会矛盾的能力。
三、能动检察视野下的检调对接
截至到现在,无论是学术界还是实务界,均未给出“能动检察”的明确统一概念,对其范畴的认识也大多停留在“立足检察职能参与社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新的尝试和探索”阶段。相对于法院系统2009年就开始开展的 “能动司法”而言,检察系统“能动检察”的学术气氛和实践进程多少有点惨淡的味道。笔者认为,能动检察是指检察机关立足自身法律监督职能,紧紧围绕科学发展观这个主题和加快转变经济发展方式这条主线,坚持“三个至上”和司法公平、公正、公开的社会主义法制理念,恪守忠诚、为民、公正、廉洁的政法干警核心价值观,以执法办案为中心加强社会管理创新,以深化三项重点工作为着力点强化法律监督、自身监督和检察队伍建设,更好地维护社会和谐稳定、人民群众权益和法律的公平正义,为实现经济社会科学发展、和谐发展、跨越发展、可持续发展的目标提供司法保障。
检察权的能动性,即能动检察,在中国加快构建法治社会的语境下,至少具有三个优势:第一,促进法治的统一。检察机关上下级的领导和被领导关系,这种体制的设计不仅保障了检察机关作为一个整体的系统独立行使检察权,更保障了检察权行使的能动和法律适用的上下统一。第二,树立司法的权威。司法缺乏公信力是当前突出的问题,司法权威的重塑,除需法院不懈的努力外,有赖于检察权能动性的发挥。第三,遏制司法的腐败。审判权与裁判结果密切相关,法官素质若达不到职业要求的标准,则易滋生腐败。而检察权并不与最终的纠纷裁判直接联系,检察权的能动,会对法官的司法行为形成有效的制约,社会上的腐败主要是因公职人员职务犯罪而引发,检察机关强化对公职人员的法律监督,有效查办职务犯罪有利于遏制腐败。②
能动检察视野下的检调对接应遵循以下原则:
第一、应当遵循自愿、合法、公正、注重效果的原则 ,检调对接工作要充分尊重当事人自愿的原则,不得违背当事人的意愿进行。检察机关在工作中,既要充分发挥主观能动性,又要严格执行有关法律和相关司法解释,不得违反法律和社会公德,不能损害国家、集体、公民及社会公共利益。严格坚持公正、公开、公平的工作方法,检调对接工作要从案件的实际出发,全面客观地查明案件事实,依法确认双方当事人的权利义务、法律责任,公正地办理每一件案件,检察机关开展检调对接工作要把效果放在第一位,解决法律纠纷的同时,又要妥善解决相关当事人的合理诉求,确保所办案件的法律效果、政治效果和社会效果的统一,为构建和谐社会作出贡献。
第二、立足办案原则。检察机关开展检调对接必须坚持以办案为中心,这是检察工作的立身之本,任何时候都不能改变。事实上,坚持以办案为中心和发挥检察权的能动性两者并不矛盾,立足办案绝不是淡化检察职能,而是要解决好方法和策略问题。只有更严格地坚持有案必办、依法严办、高质量高标准办案的工作原则,检察机关才有发挥检察权能动性的立足点和工作基础,检察工作服务社会经济发展大局、有效防范和化解社会矛盾才不会沦为一句空话。
第三、尊重实际原则。近年来,在能动、创新的口号下,全国各地检察机关为充分发挥自身的能动性,探索出许多创新性工作方法与机制,检调对接就是其中行之有效的一种,但频繁和持续的创新活动有时也难免会出现急于求成、程式化、模式化倾向。因而,检察机关在追求能动创新的过程中,一要避免落入俗套,为能动而能动,最后陷入标新立异或越俎代庖的尴尬泥淖。二要深入分析当下中国社会的基本国情及当地社会发展的具体情况,掌握社会结构和管理模式的新变化、新特点,在社会改革的大背景下寻找检调对接工作的能动切入点。③
四、能动检察视野下检调对接的具体做法:
  第一、全面实行涉检信访信息畅通制度。
  一是主动与人民调解对接。一方面,全体检察干警坚持定期或不定期到居委会、村委会参与接访工作,实行挂牌接待。遇有涉及检察机关职能的来访,做到随时到场接待;另一方面,对居委会、村委会因群众集体访等需要公、检、法等多个部门集中接待的,检察干警随叫随到。在接访过程中,对属于检察机关管辖的各类涉检信访案件,能当场解决的当场解决,不能当场解决的,及时自办或转办,力争尽快解决。对不属于检察机关管辖的,不是一推了之,而是认真解释,准确分流;二是整合资源,形成信息共享的共同化解社会矛盾的合力。依托社会矛盾纠纷大调解体系,建立派出所、司法所、检察院、法院、乡(镇)政府的联络员联系制度,互通信访情况,分析突出难题,共商停诉息访对策,促使不少涉检类社会矛盾早发现、早议事、早化解,从而有效减少和预防涉检环节的越级上访和集体上访事件的发生。④
  第二、积极主动推进轻微刑事案件和解制度。
  一是要规范运作,设置轻微刑事案件调解前置程序。在刑事司法实践中,交通肇事、故意伤害等轻微刑事案件占一定的比例,其不同于严重危害社会的刑事犯罪案件,如果采用传统的思维方式处理该类案件,结果往往是加害方判刑,受害方民事权益得不到真正实现,从而形成两败俱伤的局面。以恢复性司法的理念为指导,立足实践,在办理有被害人的轻微刑事案件时设置调解前置程序,将所涉民事赔偿部分纳入“大调解”机制,积极探索刑事和解制度,从而有机地将诉讼调解与社会调解相结合,在切实保障案件双方当事人合法权益的同时,努力修复各种受损害的社会关系。二是要明确轻微刑事案件和解范围,坚持调解自愿原则。为体现“教育、感化、挽救”的方针和“教育为主,惩罚为辅”的原则,对符合条件的未成年人犯罪案件,要综合考察未成年犯罪嫌疑人性格特点、家庭情况、社会交往、成长经历以及有无帮教条件等因素,尽可能地适用轻缓刑事政策。对纳入检调对接的轻微刑事案件,要坚持合法调解和当事人自愿调解原则,无论在审查批捕阶段还是在审查起诉阶段,承办人都要就案件中的民事赔偿问题,及时向当事人征求是否同意调解的意见,对当事人同意调解并达成调解协议的,检察机关要监督履约过程,协调处理当事人履约过程中出现的新情况新矛盾,全方位实现“检调对接”工作的目标。
  第三、积极探索民行案件和解息诉制度
转变长期以来民行检察工作片面关注法律效果、偏重“抗诉成功率”的执法理念,充分运用能动检察理论,将与群众利益有着密切关系的民行申诉案件的和解息诉工作摆上重要位置。在受理民事案件抗诉申请时,根据案件原审法庭质证辩论情况,就法院在事实认定、证据采纳、审理程序和法律适用四个方面可组织双方听证。首先,承办人初步审查后认为不符合提请抗诉条件的,暂不作出不提请抗诉决定。承办人须就申诉意见中不能确认的事实、证据和法律适用向申诉人作出说明或者解释,要求其对说明不力的部分加以补充;其次,申诉人补充意见经审查后,仍无法成就抗诉条件的,要组织双方进行听证,承办人引导双方以申诉意见范围内的争点进行对抗。通过该程序,使得申诉人和被申诉人有机会重新理性地评判申诉人的诉求,寻求双方进行和解的机会。

注释:
①林斌 :“浅析在检察机关建立检调对接工作机制的探析”
②姜小川:“检察权的配置要体现能动性要求”,载《检察日报》,2012年1月9日第3版
③魏干 : “社会转型时期能动检察的探索与思考”,载民主与法制网2011年10月17日
④邹碧华:“能动司法的边界”, 载中国平安网2012年1月5日


作者:粘国魁 济阳县检察院
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关于外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业管理有关工作的通知

工业和信息化部 商务部


关于外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业管理有关工作的通知

工信部联通[2010]308号
  

各省、自治区、直辖市通信管理局,各省、自治区、直辖市商务主管部门,相关单位:
  
  为规范对外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业的管理,根据《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国外资企业法》、《建设工程质量管理条例》、《国务院对确需保留的行政审批项目设定行政许可的决定》等法律、行政法规,现就外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业管理有关工作通知如下:
  
  一、在中华人民共和国境内设立外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业,申请通信信息网络系统集成企业资质,应按照本通知的要求办理相关手续。
   外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业,是指在中华人民共和国境内依法设立,并取得通信信息网络系统集成企业资质的中外合资经营、中外合作经营和外资企业及外商投资的股份公司。
  
  二、外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业从事通信建设工程服务活动,应当依法取得商务主管部门颁发的外商投资企业批准证书,经工商行政管理部门注册登记,并取得通信行业主管部门颁发的通信信息网络系统集成企业资质证书。
  
  三、外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业设立由省、自治区、直辖市商务主管部门审批。通信信息网络系统集成企业资质由国务院通信行业主管部门及其委托的省、自治区、直辖市通信管理局审批。
  
  四、设立和申请通信信息网络系统集成企业应遵循以下程序。

  (一)申请者向拟设立企业所在地的省、自治区、直辖市商务主管部门提出设立申请,应提交下列申请材料:
  1、外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业设立申请书;
  2、外商投资通信信息网络系统集成企业合同和章程;
  3、企业名称预先核准通知书;
  4、投资方注册(登记)证明、投资方银行资信证明;
  5、投资方拟派出的董事长、董事会成员、经理、工程技术负责人等任职文件及证明文件;
  6、经注册会计师或者会计事务所审计的投资方最近三年的资产负债表和损益表。投资方成立不满三年的,按照其实际成立年份提供的相应的资产负债表和损益表;
  7、申请通信信息系统集成企业资质应提交的申请材料(企业法人营业执照除外)。

  (二)省、自治区、直辖市商务主管部门在收到申请5个工作日内将申请材料送省通信行业主管部门征求意见。

  (三)各省、自治区、直辖市通信行业主管部门在收到征求意见函之日起15日个工作日内提出意见。省、自治区、直辖市商务主管在收到通信行业主管部门书面意见之日起30个工作日内作出批准或者不予批准的书面决定。商务主管部门予以批准的,发给外商投资企业批准证书;不予批准的,书面说明理由。

  (四)企业取得外商投资企业批准证书的,应当在30个工作日内到登记主管机关办理企业登记注册。

  (五)企业取得企业法人营业执照后,申请通信信息网络系统集成企业资质的,应按照《工业和信息化部行政许可实施办法》(中华人民共和国工业和信息化部部令第2号)有关通信信息网络系统集成企业资质的规定提交申请材料,并提交外商投资企业批准证书。
  
   五、已设立的外商投资企业拟从事通信建设工程服务活动,应在依法向通信行业主管部门申请获得通信信息网络系统集成企业资质后,到省、自治区、直辖市商务主管部门办理相关变更手续。
  
   六、申请者提交的资料应当使用中文,证明文件原件是外文的,应当提供中文译本。
  
  七、香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区的投资者设立通信信息网络系统集成企业并申请资质的,参照本通知执行。法律、法规、国务院另有规定的除外。
  
  八、本通知由国务院通信行业主管部门和商务主管部门负责解释。
  
  
   工业和信息化部 商务部
   二〇一〇年八月十一日



CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE ——附加英文版

Hong Kong


 CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE
 (CHAPTER 216)
 CONTENTS
  
  ion
  I    PRELIMINARY
  hort title
  nterpretation
  II    INCORPORATION AND POWERS
  ncorporation of Consumer Council
  unctions of Council
  owers of Council
  embership of Council
  eetings of Council
  ommittees
  isclosure of member's interest
  Appointment of staff and advisers
  Documents of Council
  III    FINANCIAL
  Resources of Council
  Borrowing powers
  Investment of funds
  Estimates
  Accounts, audit and annual report
  IV    GENERAL
  Council not servant or agent of Crown
  Governor may give directions
  Protection of members of Council and committees
  Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for
advertisement
  oses
  Transitional provisions
  dule
 Whole document
  
  ncorporate the Consumer Council, to define its functions and 
powers,
  egative personal liability of members and employees for the 
Council's
  ts committees' acts or omissions, and for connected purposes.
  July 1977] L. N. 167 of 1977
 PART I PRELIMINARY
  
  hort title
  Ordinance may be cited as the Consumer Council Ordinance.
  nterpretation
  his Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires--
  ncil" means the Consumer Council incorporated by section 3 (1);
  ancial year" means each period of 12 months ending with 31 March;
  ber" means a member of the Council.
 PART II INCORPORATION AND POWERS
  
  ncorporation of Consumer Council
  The Consumer Council existing at the commencement of this
Ordinance is
  by created a body corporate consisting of the persons who from
time to
  hold office as members of the Council.
  The Council shall have perpetual succession and a common 
seal and
  l be capable of suing and being sued and of doing and suffering 
all
  other acts and things as bodies corporate may lawfully do and
suffer.
  The Council shall continue to be known in the Chinese language
as.
  unctions of Council
  The functions of the Council are to protect and promote the 
interests
  onsumers of goods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and 
lessees
  mmovable property by--
  collecting, receiving and disseminating
  rmation concerning goods, services and immovable property;
  receiving and examining complaints by and giving advice to 
consumers
  oods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and lessees of 
immovable
  erty;
  taking such action as it thinks justified by information 
in its
  ession, including tendering advice to the Government or to any 
public
  cer;
  encouraging business and professional associations to
  blish codes of practice to regulate the activities of their
members;
  undertaking such other functions as the Council may adopt 
with the
  r approval of the Governor in Council.
  The Governor may be notice in writing to the Council 
declare any
  s, services or immovable property or class of goods, 
services or
  vable property to be outside the scope of the Council's 
functions
  r subsection (1).
  In subsection (1) and in section 5 (2) (c) "goods and services" 
does
  include goods and services which are--
  supplied by--
  the Government, the Urban Council or the Regional Council; or
(Amended
  f 1985 s. 60)
  a body mentioned in the Schedule; or
  made the subject of a declaration under subsection (2).
  The Governor in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, 
amend
  Schedule. (Amended 5 of 1992 s. 2)
  owers of Council
  The Council may do such things as are reasonably necessary to 
enable
  o carry out its functions.
  Without restricting the generality of subsection (1), the Council 
may
  arrying out its functions--
  acquire, hold and dispose of all kinds of property 
movable and
  vable and in any manner which it thinks fit;
  enter into any contract;
  undertake the testing and examination of goods and 
services and
  ection of immovable property; (Amended 5 of 1992s. 3)
  produce or distribute, by way of sale or otherwise, any 
publication
  h is of interest to consumers;
  do any thing which it may do under this ordinance in 
association or
  peration with any other person or sponsor any other person to do 
that
  g;
  charge for the use of any facility or service provided by the
Council;
  with the prior approval of the Governor, become a member 
of or
  liate to any international body concerned with consumer matters.
  
  embership of Council
  The Council shall consist of the following members--
  a Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a 
term not
  eding 2 years;
  a Vice-Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a term 
not
  eding 2 years; and (Replaced 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  not more than 20 other persons each of whom shall be appointed
by the
  rnor for a term not exceeding 2 years. (Replaced 28 of 1989 s.
2)
  The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member 
appointed under
  ection (1) (c) may be reappointed upon expiry of their 
respective
  s of office. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member 
appointed under
  ection (1) (c) may at any time-- (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  resign his office by notice to the Governor; or
  be removed therefrom by the Governor for permanent incapacity or
other
  icient cause, and upon such resignation or removal the term for 
which
  as appointed shall be deemed to have expired.
  Where the Chairman, Vice-Chairman or any other member appointed 
under
  ection (1) (c) is precluded by temporary incapacity or other 
cause
  exercising his functions as such for any period the 
Governor may
  int another person to act in place of the Chairman Vice-
Chairman or
  r member during such period with all such rights, powers, 
duties or
  ilities as if he had been appointed under subsection (1). (Amended 
28
  985s. 2)
  (Replaced 28 of 1985s. 2)
  Where any question arises under subsection (3) or (4) as to 
whether
  incapacity or cause exists or whether any incapacity is 
temporary or
  anent or any cause sufficient, the decision of the Governor 
thereon
  l be final.
  eetings of Council
  Meetings of the Council shall be held at such times and places
as the
  cil, the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman may from 
time
  ime appoint.
  The following procedural provisions shall apply to
  y meeting of the Council and subject thereto the Council may 
regulate
  own procedure--
  at meetings of the Council 11 members shall form a quorum; 
(Replaced
  f 1989 s. 3. Amended 5 of 1992 s. 4)
  the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman shall preside
or, if
  are absent or disqualified under section 9 (c), the members 
present
  l appoint one of their number to preside;
  every question shall be determined by a majority of votes 
of the
  ers present and voting thereon;
  in the event of an equality of votes the member presiding shall
have a
  ing vote in addition to his ordinary vote.
  nded 28 of 1985 s. 3)
  
  ommittees
  The Council may appoint committees and may delegate to 
them the
  cise and performance of any of its powers and functions except 
this
  r of delegation.
  Persons who are not members of the Council are
  ible for appointment to committees.
  Subject to the terms of any delegation by the 
Council, every
  ittee--
  may exercise and perform the delegated powers and functions
  the same effect as if it were the Council itself;
  shall be presumed to be acting in accordance with the terms of 
the
  gation in the absence of proof to the contrary;
  may regulate its own procedure.
  isclosure of member's interest
  member of the Council, or of any committee of the Council, 
has a
  ct or indirect commercial interest in any matter under discussion
at a
  ing of the Council or of the committee, being an interest greater
than
  which he has as a member of the general public, the 
following
  isions shall apply--
  he shall disclose the nature of his interest at the meeting;
  the disclosure shall be recorded in the minutes;
  where the disclosure is made by the member presiding, he shall 
vacate
  chair during the discussion;
  the member (including one who has vacated the chair under
paragraph
  shall, if so required by the member presiding, withdraw 
from the
  ing during the discussion and shall not in any case, 
except as
  rwise determined by the member presiding, vote on any 
resolution
  erning the matter or be counted for the purpose of establishing 
the
  tence of a quorum.
  Appointment of staff and advisers
  Subject to subsection (4), the Council shall appoint a person to 
hold
  office of Chief Executive. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 4)
  The Council may appoint such other employees as it thinks 
fit and
  ect to subsection (4), determine all matters relating 
to their
  neratior and terms and conditions of appointment or employment.
  The Council may engage the services of technical and 
professional
  sers in such manner and on such terms and conditions as it thinks
fit.
  The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Governor to--
  any appointment proposed to be made under subsection (1) and the
terms
  conditions thereof;
  the suspension or dismissal of the Chief Executive;
  the salary or salary scale (including allowances and other 
pecuniary
  fits) and conditions of employment applicable to the Chief 
Executive
  every other employee or class employee, and any variation
thereof.
  nded 28 of 1985 s. 4)
  No person shall be employed by the Council otherwise than on the
salar
  alary scale or on the conditions of employment applicable to that
pers
  oved by the Governor under subsection (4).
  
  Documents of Council
  The Council may make and execute all such documents as may 
expedient
  or conducive to the exercise and performance of its power 
functions
  duties.
  The fixing of the seal of the Council to any document
  l--
  be authorized by resolution of the Council; and
  be authenticated by the signatures of any 2 members 
authorize by
  lution of the Council, either generally or specially, to ao for 
that
  ose.
  Any document purporting to be duly executed under the seal 
of the
  cil shall, unless the contrary is proved, be considered to be 
duly
  uted.
  Any contract or instrument which if entered into or executed 
by a
  on not being a body corporate would not be required to be in the 
form
  deed may be entered into or executed on behalf of the Council by 
any
  on generally or specially authorized by the Council for that 
purpose.
 PART III FINANCIAL
  
  Resources of Council
  The Governor may, out of money appropriated for the purpose 
by the
  slative Council, authorize payment to the Consumer Council 
of such
  nts as he thinks fit.
  The resources of the Council shall consist
  
  all money received by the Council pursuant to subsection (1);
  money paid to the Council by way of donations, fees, 
subscriptions,
  and interest;
  all other money and property, including accumulations of 
income,
  ived by the Council for its purposes.
  Borrowing powers
  Council may, with the approval of the Financial Secretary, 
borrow or
  rwise raise money and charge all or any part of its 
property as
  rity therefor.
  Investment of funds
  money of the Council that is not immediately required 
shall be
  sted--
  on fixed deposit in any bank or savings bank approved by the
  ncial Secretary, either generally or in any particular case, for 
the
  ose; or
  in such other forms of investment as the Financial 
Secretary may
  ove.
  Estimates
  Council shall in each financial year adopt estimates of 
income and
  nditure for the ensuing financial year and, before a date 
to be
  inted by the Financial Secretary, send them to the Governor for 
his
  oval together with a programme of its proposed activities 
for the
  ing financial year.
  
  Accounts, audit and annual report
  The Council shall keep proper accounts and proper records in 
relation
  eto and shall within 3 months after the expiry of a financial year,
or
  further period as the Financial Secretary may allow, 
prepare a
  ement of the accounts of the Council, which statement shall
include an
  me and expenditure account and a balance sheet.
  The Council
  l, subject to subsection (3), appoint an auditor, who 
shall be
  tled to have access at any time to all books of account, vouchers 
and
  r financial records of the Council and to require such information
and
  anations relating thereto as he thinks fit.
  The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Financial
Secretary
  ny appointment proposed to be made under subsection (2).
  The auditor shall, as soon as is practicable, audit the 
accounts
  ired by subsection (1) and shall submit a report thereon 
to the
  cil.
  The Council shall within 3 months after the receipt by it 
of the
  tor's report in respect of its accounts for a financial 
year, or
  in such further period as the Financial Secretary may allow,
furnish--
  a report on the affairs of the Council for that year;
  a copy of its accounts therefor; and
  the auditor's report on the accounts, to the Governor who shall 
cause
  same to be tabled in the Legislative Council.
 PART IV GENERAL
  
  Council not servant or agent of Crown
  Council is not a servant or agent of the Crown and does not enjoy 
any
  us, immunity or privilege of the Crown.
  Governor may give directions
  The Governor may, if he considers that the public 
interest so
  ires, give to the Council such directions as he thinks 
fit with
  ect to the exercise and performance by the Council of its 
powers,
  tions and duties under this Ordinance, either generally or 
in any
  icular case.
  The Council shall comply with any direction given to 
it under
  ection (1).
  Protection of members of Council and committees
  No member or employee of the Council or of any committee 
of the
  cil shall be personally liable for any act done or default made--
  by the Council; or
  by any committee of the Council, acting in good faith in the course
of
  operations of the Council or of the committee.
  The protection hereby conferred on members and employees 
of the
  cil or of a committee in respect of any act or default shall not 
in
  way affect any liability of the Council for that act or default.
  
  Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for 
advertisement
  oses
  No person shall, with a view to promoting or disparaging any
  s, services or immovable property or promoting the image 
of any
  on, publish or cause to be published any advertisement which 
either
  essly or by implication makes reference to--
  the Council;
  any committee, member, agent or employee of the Council;
  the Council's publication or finding of tests or surveys
conducted by
  n behalf of the Council; or
  any other information published by the Council, without 
written
  ent of the Council.
  Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence 
and is
  le to a fine of $ 100,000.
  For the purpose of subsection (1) "advertisement" may be 
constituted
  ny words, whether written or spoken, or any picture, drawing, 
visual
  e, figure or article--
  appearing in any publication; or
  brought to the notice of the public or any section of the public 
in
  other way. (Replaced 5 of 1992 s. 5)
  Transitional provisions
  All property of whatever kind and whether movable or immovable 
vested
  r belonging to the Consumer Council existing at the 
commencement of
  Ordinance shall as from that date vest in or belong to that 
Council
  ts corporate capacity without any further assurance.
  All obligations and liabilities of the said Consumer Council 
are as
  the commencement of this Ordinance the obligations and
liabilities of
  Council in its corporate capacity.
  Where anything has been commenced by or under the authority 
of the
  Consumer Council before the commencement of this Ordinance such
thing
  be carried on any completed by the Council in its corporate
capacity.
  Every person who immediately before the commencement of this
Ordinance
  s an appointment as Chairman, Executive Director or a member of 
the
  Consumer Council is, as from such commencement but subject to 
the
  s of his appointment, the Chairman, Executive Director, or a
member of
  Council, as the case may be, for the purposes of this Ordinance.
  Notwithstanding the definition of "financial year" in section 
2 the
  od between the commencement of this Ordinance and 31 March 1978 
shall
  eemed to be a financial year.
  No stamp duty shall be payable in respect of any transfer of 
property
  r this section.
 SCHEDULE
  
  Television Limited
  a Light and Power Company, Limited
  a Motor Bus Company, Limited
  Cross-Harbour Tunnel Company, Limited
  Marketing Organization
  Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited
  Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company Limited

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